Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 promotes endometrial cancer cell migration by activating the focal adhesion kinase signaling pathway

doi: 10.3892/etm.2020.8833

Figure Lengend Snippet: CTHRC1 is commonly upregulated in EC. (A) Immunohistochemical analysis of CTHRC1 expression in adjacent normal endometrium (n=11) and EC (n=18) tissues. Magnification, x200. No or weak expression of CTHRC1 was observed in normal endometrium tissues. Strong cell membrane and cytoplasmic expression of CTHRC1 was observed in most EC tissues. (B) Relative RNA expression levels of CTHRC1 in EC tissues (n=14) and adjacent normal tissues (n=14) were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis. (C) ELISA analysis of levels of secreted CTHRC1 in the plasma of EC patients or normal females (EC group, n=39; normal group, n=12). (D) Relative mRNA expression of CTHRC1 in the normal and EC groups in TCGA Uterine Corpus Endometrial Cancer database (EC tissues, n=546; normal tissues, n=35). (E) Kaplan-Meier curves of survival for EC patients with high or low CTHRC1 expression (high CTHRC1 expression, n=162; low CTHRC1 expression, n=216). Experiments were repeated in triplicate. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. * P<0.05, *** P<0.001. CTHRC1, collagen triple helix repeat containing 1; EC, endometrial cancer; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas.

Article Snippet: Ishikawa and ECC1 cells cultured in complete medium treated with PBS or recombinant protein CTHRC1 (100 μg/ml; Abcam), CTHRC1 with the FAK signaling inhibitor defactinib (1 μM; cat. no. HY-12289; MedChemExpress) or recombinant protein CTHRC1 (100 μg/ml) with the FAK signaling inhibitor Y15 (1 μM; cat. no. HY-12444; MedChemExpress) were termed Control, +CTHRC1, +CTHRC1 +Defactinib or +CTHRC1 +Y15.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing, Membrane, RNA Expression, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Clinical Proteomics

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 promotes endometrial cancer cell migration by activating the focal adhesion kinase signaling pathway

doi: 10.3892/etm.2020.8833

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overexpression of CTHRC1 promotes the migration of EC cells in vitro . (A) Western blot analysis of the expression levels of CTHRC1 in Ishikawa and ECC1 cells. (B) Proliferation of Ishikawa and ECC1 cells with CTHRC1-OE was confirmed by CCK-8 assays. (C) Migration of Ishikawa and ECC1 cells with CTHRC1-OE confirmed by Transwell assays. Magnification, x200. (D) Migration of Ishikawa and ECC1 cells with CTHRC1-OE confirmed by wound healing assays. Magnification, x50. (E) Invasion of Ishikawa and ECC1 cells with CTHRC1-OE confirmed by Transwell assays with Matrigel. Magnification, x200). (F) Focal adhesion and actin remodeling were analyzed by immunofluorescence. Magnification, x100. Vinculin was marked by red fluorescence and phalloidin, an actin stain, was marked by green fluorescence, while the nucleus was stained with DAPI (blue). The results were determined in triplicate. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. * P<0.05, ** P<0.01. CTHRC1, Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1; EC, endometrial cancer; CCK-8, Cell Counting Kit-8; OE, overexpression.

Article Snippet: Ishikawa and ECC1 cells cultured in complete medium treated with PBS or recombinant protein CTHRC1 (100 μg/ml; Abcam), CTHRC1 with the FAK signaling inhibitor defactinib (1 μM; cat. no. HY-12289; MedChemExpress) or recombinant protein CTHRC1 (100 μg/ml) with the FAK signaling inhibitor Y15 (1 μM; cat. no. HY-12444; MedChemExpress) were termed Control, +CTHRC1, +CTHRC1 +Defactinib or +CTHRC1 +Y15.

Techniques: Over Expression, Migration, In Vitro, Western Blot, Expressing, CCK-8 Assay, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence, Staining, Cell Counting

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 promotes endometrial cancer cell migration by activating the focal adhesion kinase signaling pathway

doi: 10.3892/etm.2020.8833

Figure Lengend Snippet: Recombinant CTHRC1-mediated promotion of EC cell migration in vitro . (A) Proliferation of +CTHRC1 Ishikawa and ECC1 cells confirmed by CCK-8 assays. (B) Migration of Ishikawa and ECC1 cells with +CTHRC1 confirmed by Transwell assays. Magnification, x200. (C) Migration of Ishikawa and ECC1 cells with +CTHRC1 confirmed by wound healing assays. Magnification, x50. (D) Invasion of Ishikawa and ECC1 cells with +CTHRC1 confirmed by Transwell assays with Matrigel. Magnification, x200. (E) Focal adhesion and cyto-actin remodeling were analyzed by immunofluorescence. Magnification, x100. Vinculin was marked by red fluorescence and phalloidin was marked by green fluorescence, while the nucleus was stained with DAPI (blue). The experiments were performed in triplicate, data are presented as the mean ± SD. * P<0.05. CTHRC1, Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1; EC, endometrial cancer; CCK-8, cell counting kit-8; +CTHRC1, cells with recombinant CTHRC1 protein treatment.

Article Snippet: Ishikawa and ECC1 cells cultured in complete medium treated with PBS or recombinant protein CTHRC1 (100 μg/ml; Abcam), CTHRC1 with the FAK signaling inhibitor defactinib (1 μM; cat. no. HY-12289; MedChemExpress) or recombinant protein CTHRC1 (100 μg/ml) with the FAK signaling inhibitor Y15 (1 μM; cat. no. HY-12444; MedChemExpress) were termed Control, +CTHRC1, +CTHRC1 +Defactinib or +CTHRC1 +Y15.

Techniques: Recombinant, Migration, In Vitro, CCK-8 Assay, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence, Staining, Cell Counting

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 promotes endometrial cancer cell migration by activating the focal adhesion kinase signaling pathway

doi: 10.3892/etm.2020.8833

Figure Lengend Snippet: CTHRC1 mediates the migration of EC cells via the FAK signaling pathway. (A) Western blot analysis of P-FAK Tyr397 and T-FAK in cells with CTHRC1-OE. (B) Western blot analysis of P-FAK Tyr397 and T-FAK in the +CTHRC1 group or +CTHRC1 cells with defactinib or Y15. Migration confirmed by (C) Transwell assays, magnification, x200; and (D) wound healing assays. Magnification, x50. (E) The high expression of CTHRC1 in EC cells and plasma promoted EC cell migration by activating the FAK signaling pathway. The FAK signaling inhibitors, defactinib and Y15, could reverse the enhanced migration mediated by CTHRC1. The experiments were performed in triplicate. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. * P<0.05, ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001. CTHRC1, collagen triple helix repeat containing 1; EC, endometrial cancer; FAK, focal adhesion kinase; P-FAK, phospho-FAK; T-FAK, Total-FAK; OE, overexpression.

Article Snippet: Ishikawa and ECC1 cells cultured in complete medium treated with PBS or recombinant protein CTHRC1 (100 μg/ml; Abcam), CTHRC1 with the FAK signaling inhibitor defactinib (1 μM; cat. no. HY-12289; MedChemExpress) or recombinant protein CTHRC1 (100 μg/ml) with the FAK signaling inhibitor Y15 (1 μM; cat. no. HY-12444; MedChemExpress) were termed Control, +CTHRC1, +CTHRC1 +Defactinib or +CTHRC1 +Y15.

Techniques: Migration, Western Blot, Expressing, Clinical Proteomics, Over Expression

Journal: International journal of molecular medicine

Article Title: CTHRC1 mediates IL‑1β‑induced apoptosis in chondrocytes via JNK1/2 signaling.

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3403

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. CTHRC1 expression is increased in human OA compared with normal tissues. (A) IL‑1β and (B) CTHRC1 levels in the joint fluid of patients with OA and control patients were assessed using ELISA. **P<0.01 vs. normal. CTHRC1, collagen triple helix repeat containing 1; OA, osteoarthritis; IL, interleukin.

Article Snippet: IL-1β and cTHRc1 expression in the joint fluid of patients with OA was determined using cTHRc1 (cat. no. cSB-EL006162HU; cusabio Biotech co., Ltd., college Park, Md, USA) and IL-1β (cat. no. 583311; cayman chemical company, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) ELISA kits according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International journal of molecular medicine

Article Title: CTHRC1 mediates IL‑1β‑induced apoptosis in chondrocytes via JNK1/2 signaling.

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3403

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. CTHRC1 upregulation increases JNK1/2 activation. IL‑1β‑induced chondrocytes were transfected with pLVX‑Puro‑CTHRC1 for 24 h and CTHRC1 expression was assessed using (A) reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and (B and C) western blotting. The expression of p‑JNK1/1 and JNK1/2 in IL‑1β‑induced chondrocytes following pLVX‑Puro‑CTHRC1 transfection or SP600125 treatment was assessed using (D) western blotting and (E) quantified. **P<0.01 vs. vector and ##P<0.01 vs. pLVX‑Puro‑CTHRC1. CTHRC1, collagen triple helix repeat containing 1; JNK, c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase; IL, interleukin; p, phosphorylated.

Article Snippet: IL-1β and cTHRc1 expression in the joint fluid of patients with OA was determined using cTHRc1 (cat. no. cSB-EL006162HU; cusabio Biotech co., Ltd., college Park, Md, USA) and IL-1β (cat. no. 583311; cayman chemical company, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) ELISA kits according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Transfection, Expressing, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Plasmid Preparation

Journal: International journal of molecular medicine

Article Title: CTHRC1 mediates IL‑1β‑induced apoptosis in chondrocytes via JNK1/2 signaling.

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3403

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. IL‑1β increases CTHRC1 expression and inhibits chondrocyte proliferation. (A) Chondrocytes were collected from rat articular cartilage and the expression of Collagen II and SOX9 was measured using IHC. (B) Rat chondrocytes were treated with 5, 10 and 20 ng/ml IL‑1β and the expression of CTHRC1 was assessed using western blotting. (C) Cell proliferation was measured using a CCK‑8 assay. **P<0.01 vs. control. IL, interleukin; CTHRC1, collagen triple helix repeat containing 1; SOX9, Sry‑type high mobility group‑box; IHC, immunohistochemistry; CCK‑8, Cell Counting Kit‑8.

Article Snippet: IL-1β and cTHRc1 expression in the joint fluid of patients with OA was determined using cTHRc1 (cat. no. cSB-EL006162HU; cusabio Biotech co., Ltd., college Park, Md, USA) and IL-1β (cat. no. 583311; cayman chemical company, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) ELISA kits according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, CCK-8 Assay, Control, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: International journal of molecular medicine

Article Title: CTHRC1 mediates IL‑1β‑induced apoptosis in chondrocytes via JNK1/2 signaling.

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3403

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. CTHRC1 upregulation induces chondrocyte apoptosis. (A and B) Chondrocyte apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry analysis. (C) Changes in caspase‑3 activity were investigated using spectrophotometry. (D and E) The expression of Bcl‑2, Bax, cleaved caspase‑3, PARP‑1 and MMP‑13 was studied using western blotting. **P<0.01 vs. vector and ##P<0.01 vs. pLVX‑Puro‑CTHRC1. CTHRC1, collagen triple helix repeat containing 1; Bcl‑2, B‑cell lymphoma‑2; Bax, Bcl‑2‑associated X protein; PARP, poly ADP ribose polymerase; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase.

Article Snippet: IL-1β and cTHRc1 expression in the joint fluid of patients with OA was determined using cTHRc1 (cat. no. cSB-EL006162HU; cusabio Biotech co., Ltd., college Park, Md, USA) and IL-1β (cat. no. 583311; cayman chemical company, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) ELISA kits according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Activity Assay, Spectrophotometry, Expressing, Western Blot, Plasmid Preparation

Journal: International journal of molecular medicine

Article Title: CTHRC1 mediates IL‑1β‑induced apoptosis in chondrocytes via JNK1/2 signaling.

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3403

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. CTHRC1 downregulation inhibits JNK1/2 activation. IL‑1β‑induced chondrocytes pLKO.1‑CTHRC1‑shRNA were transfected for 24 h and CTHRC1 expression was assessed using (A) reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and (B and C) western blotting. (D and E) The expression of p‑JNK1/2 and JNK1/2 in IL‑1β‑induced chondrocytes following shRNA‑CTHRC1 transfection or SP600125 treatment was assessed using western blotting. **P<0.01 vs. control and ##P<0.01 vs. IL‑1β. CTHRC1, collagen triple helix repeat containing 1; JNK, c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase; IL, interleukin; sh, short hairpin; NC, negative control; p, phosphorylated.

Article Snippet: IL-1β and cTHRc1 expression in the joint fluid of patients with OA was determined using cTHRc1 (cat. no. cSB-EL006162HU; cusabio Biotech co., Ltd., college Park, Md, USA) and IL-1β (cat. no. 583311; cayman chemical company, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) ELISA kits according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Transfection, Expressing, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Control, Negative Control

Journal: International journal of molecular medicine

Article Title: CTHRC1 mediates IL‑1β‑induced apoptosis in chondrocytes via JNK1/2 signaling.

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3403

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. CTHRC1 downregulation inhibits chondrocyte apoptosis. (A) Chondrocyte apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and (B) statistically analyzed. (C, D and E) The expression of Bcl‑2, Bax, cleaved caspase‑3, PARP‑1 and MMP‑13 was assessed using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. (F) Changes in caspase‑3 activity were measured by spectrophotometry. **P<0.01 vs. control and ##P<0.01 vs. IL‑1β. CTHRC1, collagen triple helix repeat containing 1; Bcl‑2, B‑cell lymphoma‑2; Bax, Bcl‑2‑associated X protein; PARP, poly ADP ribose polymerase; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase.

Article Snippet: IL-1β and cTHRc1 expression in the joint fluid of patients with OA was determined using cTHRc1 (cat. no. cSB-EL006162HU; cusabio Biotech co., Ltd., college Park, Md, USA) and IL-1β (cat. no. 583311; cayman chemical company, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) ELISA kits according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Activity Assay, Spectrophotometry, Control

Journal: Cancer Cell International

Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis combined with experiments predicts CTHRC1 as a therapeutic target for human cancers

doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02266-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: CTHRC1 characteristics and its expression levels in normal tissues and cancers. a Genomic location of human CTHRC1 gene; b CTHRC1 consensus Normalized eXpression (NX) levels for 55 normal tissue types and 6 blood cell types, created by combining the data from the three transcriptomics datasets (HPA, GTEx and FANTOM5); c Increased or decreased CTHRC1 mRNA in data sets of different cancers compared with normal tissues in the Oncomine database; d Human CTHRC1 mRNA expression levels in different tumor types from TCGA database were determined by TIMER; e The differences in expression levels of CTHRC1 mRNA in different tumors and normal tissues from TCGA and GTEx database were determined by SangerBox; (*P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001)

Article Snippet: We logged into the online Human Protein Atlas (HPA) portal ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) and obtained the CTHRC1 gene expression data in different human normal tissues and tumor/nontumor cells by entering the word “CTHRC1” in the “Tissue Atlas”, “Single Cell Type Atlas” and “Cell Atlas” modules.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Cancer Cell International

Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis combined with experiments predicts CTHRC1 as a therapeutic target for human cancers

doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02266-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: CTHRC1 protein expression, conservation and location. a CTHRC1 protein expression data in 44 normal tissues; b Conservation of CTHRC1 protein among different species; c The phylogenetic tree of CTHRC1 in different species; d CTHRC1 protein is sited in the nucleus of RH-30 cell, DAPI for the nucleus in blue, the CTHRC1 protein staining is shown in green; e CTHRC1 protein can be secreted (red circle); f The percentage of cancer patients (maximum 12 patients) with high and medium protein expression level

Article Snippet: We logged into the online Human Protein Atlas (HPA) portal ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) and obtained the CTHRC1 gene expression data in different human normal tissues and tumor/nontumor cells by entering the word “CTHRC1” in the “Tissue Atlas”, “Single Cell Type Atlas” and “Cell Atlas” modules.

Techniques: Expressing, Staining

Journal: Cancer Cell International

Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis combined with experiments predicts CTHRC1 as a therapeutic target for human cancers

doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02266-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation between CTHRC1 mRNA expression and prognosis of cancers. a We used the GEPIA2 tool to perform overall survival and disease-free survival analyses of pan-cancer in TCGA by CTHRC1 mRNA expression; b The relationships between CTHRC1 expression and OS prognosis of different cancers in “Gene-KM plotter” module of SangerBox. The Kaplan–Meier plotter was performed survival analyses, including OS, DMFS, RFS, PPS, FP DSS, via the expression level of the CTHRC1 mRNA in breast cancer, liver cancer and lung cancer cases c , and OS, PFS, PPS, FP, via the expression level of the CTHRC1 mRNA in ovarian cancer and gastric cancer ( d )

Article Snippet: We logged into the online Human Protein Atlas (HPA) portal ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) and obtained the CTHRC1 gene expression data in different human normal tissues and tumor/nontumor cells by entering the word “CTHRC1” in the “Tissue Atlas”, “Single Cell Type Atlas” and “Cell Atlas” modules.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Cancer Cell International

Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis combined with experiments predicts CTHRC1 as a therapeutic target for human cancers

doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02266-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mutation feature of CTHRC1 in different tumors. Mutation features of CTHRC1 for tumors was analyzed using the cBioPortal tool. The alteration frequency with mutation type a and mutation site b are displayed. The potential correlation between mutation status and disease-specific was also analyzed c , progression-free d , overall e and disease-free f survival of all TCGA tumors using the cBioPortal tool

Article Snippet: We logged into the online Human Protein Atlas (HPA) portal ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) and obtained the CTHRC1 gene expression data in different human normal tissues and tumor/nontumor cells by entering the word “CTHRC1” in the “Tissue Atlas”, “Single Cell Type Atlas” and “Cell Atlas” modules.

Techniques: Mutagenesis

Journal: Cancer Cell International

Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis combined with experiments predicts CTHRC1 as a therapeutic target for human cancers

doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02266-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Methylation level of CTHRC1 DNA in different tumors and its association with gene expression. a – c Promoter methylation levels of CTHRC1 in different cancer types compared to normal adjacent tissues. The Beta value indicates level of DNA methylation ranging from 0 (unmethylated) to 1 (fully methylated). Different beta value cut-off has been considered to indicate hyper-methylation [Beta value: 0.7—0.5] or hypo-methylation [Beta-value: 0.3—0.25]. d The relationship between the CTHRC1 mRNA expression (RNA-seq or Affy) and DNA methylation in glioma in CCLE database. e We used the MEXPRESS approach to analyze the DNA methylation level of CTHRC1 with multiple probes. The promoter region probes are highlighted by red rectangle. The beta value of methylation, the Benjamini-Hochberg-adjusted P-value and the Pearson correlation coefficients (R) are displayed

Article Snippet: We logged into the online Human Protein Atlas (HPA) portal ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) and obtained the CTHRC1 gene expression data in different human normal tissues and tumor/nontumor cells by entering the word “CTHRC1” in the “Tissue Atlas”, “Single Cell Type Atlas” and “Cell Atlas” modules.

Techniques: Methylation, Gene Expression, DNA Methylation Assay, Expressing, RNA Sequencing

Journal: Cancer Cell International

Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis combined with experiments predicts CTHRC1 as a therapeutic target for human cancers

doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02266-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: CTHRC1 expression and immune infiltration. a Correlation of CTHRC1 expression with immune infiltration level in LIHC, COAD, and CESC; b Different algorithms were used to explore the potential correlation between the expression level of CTHRC1 gene and the infiltration level of CD8 + T cells across all types of cancer in TCGA; c TIMER algorithm was used to explore the potential correlation between the expression level of CTHRC1 gene and the infiltration level of CD8 + T cells in LGG and GBM

Article Snippet: We logged into the online Human Protein Atlas (HPA) portal ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) and obtained the CTHRC1 gene expression data in different human normal tissues and tumor/nontumor cells by entering the word “CTHRC1” in the “Tissue Atlas”, “Single Cell Type Atlas” and “Cell Atlas” modules.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Cancer Cell International

Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis combined with experiments predicts CTHRC1 as a therapeutic target for human cancers

doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02266-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: CTHRC1-related gene enrichment analysis. a CTHRC1-binding proteins obtained by using the STRING tool; b The corresponding heatmap data in the detailed cancer types are displayed. The partial correlation (cor) and P-value was generated via the purity-adjusted Spearman's rank correlation test; c Using the GEPIA2 approach, we also obtained the top 10 CTHRC1-correlated genes in TCGA projects and analyzed the expression correlation between CTHRC1 and selected targeting genes

Article Snippet: We logged into the online Human Protein Atlas (HPA) portal ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) and obtained the CTHRC1 gene expression data in different human normal tissues and tumor/nontumor cells by entering the word “CTHRC1” in the “Tissue Atlas”, “Single Cell Type Atlas” and “Cell Atlas” modules.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Generated, Expressing

Journal: Cancer Cell International

Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis combined with experiments predicts CTHRC1 as a therapeutic target for human cancers

doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02266-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: The expression of CTHRC1 in glioma tissues and cell lines. a , b CTHRC1 mRNA expression levels were detected in 43 glioma cases. c Expression of CTHRC1 was determined in human astrocyte and GBM cell lines

Article Snippet: We logged into the online Human Protein Atlas (HPA) portal ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) and obtained the CTHRC1 gene expression data in different human normal tissues and tumor/nontumor cells by entering the word “CTHRC1” in the “Tissue Atlas”, “Single Cell Type Atlas” and “Cell Atlas” modules.

Techniques: Expressing